2270s

Years

V'Ger enters it's next evolutionary phase

The original USS Enterprise is refitted. (Star Trek: The Motion Picture)
V'Ger heads for Earth. Admiral James T. Kirk assumes command of the USS Enterprise to stop it from destroying the planet. (Star Trek: The Motion Picture)
The IKS Amar and two other vessels attempted to intercept the V'Ger situated in Klingon space, but are vaporized by the energy cloud, taking the three ships, and their crews, out of existence. (Star Trek: The Motion Picture)
The crew of the USS Enterprise encounters V'Ger and guide it to enter it's next evolutionary phase. (Star Trek: The Motion Picture)
Tuvok undergoes training with a Vulcan master in order to control his emotions. (VOY: "Gravity")
Starfleet radically changes their uniform by 2278. (TNG: "Cause and Effect")
Pardek becomes a member of the Romulan Senate. (TNG: "Unification I")

The year Star Trek: The Motion Picture happened has not been established in canon. The earliest the film could take place is in late 2272, based on information from VOY: "Q2", which stated that Kirk's first five-year mission ended in 2270, and information within the film that Kirk had not "logged a single star hour in two-and-a-half years." The latest the film could have taken place is around 2277, since the Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan-style uniforms were in use by 2278 based on TNG: "Cause and Effect".
According to Star Trek Encyclopedia, The Motion Picture took place in 2271 and states that the five year mission ended in 2269. Pocket Books in turn places the film in 2273 for its 2006 chronology Voyages of Imagination.