Artichokes (specifically, globe artichokes, Cynara scolymus) were a type of edible vegetable native to Earth.
Sisko's Creole Kitchen offered artichokes as a special in 2372, billing them as Jake-O's recipe. (DS9: "Paradise Lost")
Artichokes, smoked, were also on the menu at a Starfleet Christmas buffet in Pocket TOS: Traitor Winds.