Insect traps were Starfleet-issue equipment used to catch several small types of lifeforms using bait.
In 2372, Kathryn Janeway used these traps on a uninhabited planet in the Delta Quadrant to catch insects that infected Janeway and Chakotay with a disease forcing them to stay on the aforementioned planet. These insects would be used to develop an antidote to this disease. All these traps were destroyed during a plasma storm on the planet, and a antidote was not found by Janeway. Dr. Denara Pel was contacted by Voyager, and she did have an antidote. (VOY: "Resolutions")