Nicolaus Copernicus (center)
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543), was an Earth astronomer, who by the 20th century was recognised as "the father of modern astronomy". He was born in the town of Toruń, Poland.
He was one of six Human astronomers honored with a monument located in front of the Griffith Observatory, the others being Hipparchus, Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Isaac Newton and William Herschel.
The statue furthermore featured a plaque commemorating the 500th Anniversary of the "father of modern astronomy". (VOY: "Future's End")
Copernicus City, the Copernicus Ship Yards and the University of Copernicus as well as the USS Copernicus and the various shuttlecrafts named Copernicus were named presumably directly or indirectly named in his honor.
There is a minor debate as to if Copernicus should be called Polish or German. As far as Star Trek is concerned the question is easily settled: the only canon reference regarding this home states that he was born in Poland.