A sextant
Sisko using an sextant
A sextant was an archaic navigational instrument used aboard ships and some aircraft.
While stranded on Shuttlepod 1 together in 2151, Malcolm Reed asked Charles Tucker III if he had a sextant handy. Tucker replied that he left it on Enterprise NX-01 with his slide rule. (ENT: "Shuttlepod One")
Captain Jean-Luc Picard kept a sextant in his quarters aboard the USS Enterprise-D. (TNG: "The Battle")
When Jono lived in the captain's quarters for some time in 2367, Picard made sure that the boy didn't touch the sextant. (TNG: "Suddenly Human")
Benjamin Sisko used a sextant to navigate while aboard the Bajoran lightship he constructed in late 2371. (DS9: "Explorers")
Tom Paris once complained about 24th century sensors and technology and told Captain Kathryn Janeway that all he needed was a window and a sextant to guide the USS Voyager through space. (VOY: "The Haunting of Deck Twelve")