The W.E.B. DuBois was a 24th century starship registered for Federation travel. In 2370, the captain of this ship was N. Land. The starship's point of departure was Starbase 172. The starship arrived at Deep Space 9 on stardate 47561.4. The W.E.B. DuBois was listed on the space station's arrival roster. (DS9: "Whispers", production art)
This starship was only mentioned in writing.
The starship was presumably named after the influential African-American sociologist W.E.B. DuBois.